Originally, I intended to write a news story about the discovery of red wolf genes in ghost wolves, but it evolved into this article instead. Enjoy!
Introduction
In the past, Texas was home to many large predators: black bears, jaguars, red wolves, grey wolves, alligators, and mountain lions. Many of these predators attack livestock on farms and ranches. In order to protect their livestock and families, many farmers and ranchers killed them. And, as people moved into Texas and cities were built, the habitat of these predators was reduced. As a result, the population of large predators in Texas was dramatically reduced, and several species are extirpated.
Black Bears
Four subspecies of black bear were spread across Texas, but by 1940 (Image 1), they were almost extirpated. In the 1990s, the black bear population began to expand as bears from surrounding states and Mexico began to enter Texas. Big Bend National Park and the surrounding area now have a stable breeding black bear population (Image 2). As the black bear population naturally expands, Texas Parks and Wildlife is working to increase awareness and educate people on black bear safety.
Jaguars
Believe it or not, jaguars are native to South Texas. Sadly, due to habitat loss and hunting, the species is now extirpated. The last confirmed jaguar sighting in Texas was in 1948. However, jaguars may return to Texas. Jaguars still roam throughout Mexico. Arizona and New Mexico have several confirmed jaguars, which crossed the Rio Grande. There have many been rumors and unconfirmed sightings of jaguars which crossed the Rio Grande into Texas. Many hope that the jaguar population will be naturally restored like the black bear population. There has also been talk of reintroducing jaguars to Texas, but ranchers are concerned about the impact on livestock.
Red Wolves
Historically, red wolves roamed a large part of the U.S. However, in 1980, the remaining 17 red wolves were captured, and the species was declared extinct in the wild. Through extensive captive breeding programs and release programs, red wolves were reestablished in the wild. By 2006, the wild red wolf population was at 130. However, they have faced a steep decline. Now there are only 20 wild red wolves in North Carolina and about 200 in captivity. A major threat to the species is the now very limited gene pool. This brings us to the ghost wolf. The ghost wolf is a hybrid canine that populates Galveston and the surrounding Gulf. It was recently discovered that, along with coyote and domestic dog genes, ghost wolves have red wolf genes. Colossal Biosciences (creator of the dire wolf) is working to isolate red wolf genes from ghost wolves, as well as captive red wolves and dead red wolf samples, in order to create and release genetically diverse red wolves to supplement the existing gene pool. While red wolves may never again live in Texas, the species may survive extinction.
Grey Wolves
The Mexican grey wolf, a subspecies of grey wolf, was once found in the western 2/3 of Texas. It is now extirpated. Mexican gray wolves still inhabit parts of Arizona, New Mexico, and Mexico. Many advocates propose reintroducing Mexican grey wolves to Texas, specifically to Big Bend National Park. Proponents of grey wolves in Texas argue that they will help control the overpopulation of deer and boars. However, currently, reintroducing grey wolves is illegal in Texas, and many farmers and ranchers are against reintroducing the large predators, which could threaten livestock.
Alligators
Alligators are the apex aquatic predator of Texas. Once, alligators were endangered in Texas, but they are not any longer. Alligators are a protected species, which has allowed them to thrive. While alligators may be uncommon in most of the state, in many areas near the coast, they are numerous (Images 3 & 4).
Mountain Lions
Mountain lions, also called pumas, cougars, and panthers, are the apex predators of Texas. While their current range is smaller than their historic range, mountain lions maintain a strong presence in western Texas. Interestingly, mountain lions have no protection under Texas law. While most large mammals are either protected, endangered animals, or game animals which may only be hunted during certain seasons, it is legal to kill mountain lions at any time of year. However, this does not seem to be a significant threat to the species; in fact, many believe that mountain lions are expanding eastward in Texas, although this is difficult to verify because many sightings are unreliable. Below is a very cute baby mountain lion (Image 5).
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By Susanna Patrick
Every year, National Ice Cream Day is celebrated on the third Sunday of July; this year, it is July 20th. My recommendation would be to celebrate with a big scoop of Blue Bell Ice Cream.
By Susanna Patrick
The Sunday School teacher asks the children to draw Christmas pictures. She goes over to one student and sees he has drawn a picture of four people on an airplane. “What is this?” she asked. “Mary and Joseph and Baby Jesus on a flight to Egypt,” he says. “Well… who’s the fourth person?” “That’s Pontius, the pilot.”
Why do cows have hooves instead of feet? Because they lactose.
Why do storks have so little money? They have such big bills.
Why did Noah have to discipline the chickens on the ark? Because they were using fowl language!
Recently, five humans saw a color that no human has ever witnessed before. In the back of a human’s eye, there are three types of special cells that are each sensitive to different wavelengths of light. You can make a graph (seen below) of the relative activity of each of the cell types, that is, the natural range of colors. But we never see light from only one type of cell (the one on the top of the graph) since it always overlaps with the other two. But scientists created a machine that creates images where the cone cells are in the eye and then stimulates those parts of the retina with a small amount of laser light. The result is that they are able to stimulate just these M cone cells and allow people to see a completely new color. The color has been described as a mix between blue and green, but much more saturated.
Introduction
Frankenstein is a young man with an unusual dose of curiosity, particularly for things of a supernatural nature. Being the son of wealthy, kind parents, Victor had a wonderful childhood growing up in the wild forests surrounding their home. Since their family villa deep in France was often filled with children of various ages rescued from difficult circumstances by Victor’s parents, he was never short a playmate. He became very close to a girl named Elizabeth Lavenza.
As he grew, Victor’s insatiable appetite for knowledge was not satisfied by the small school near his home; instead, he turned to ancient philosophers such as Cornelius Agrippa, Albert Magnus, and Paracelsus. As he got older, Victor attempted several times to harness the strange and nearly magical sciences of these ancient thinkers but always fell short of achieving the fantastical results he sought.
When Frankenstein finally goes to college, his teachers strongly discourage him from studying the teachings of these ancient philosophers and their dark magical rites, which have no basis in science. Instead, he is pointed to the leading scientific works of his time. Thanks to his sharp mind however, Frankenstein triumphs over all forms of science and becomes a great man.
Now known as Dr. Frankenstein, he has not lost his fascination with the darker aspects of nature and how it pertains to ancient science. So, Frankenstein delves once more into these dark crevasses of knowledge, but this time he is armed with the power of modern science. It is in these dark regions that Dr. Victor Frankenstein uncovers an incredible power—a power sought by the philosophers of old, but kept out of their grasp, a power so fantastical that modern men of science indeed do not believe it to be possible. Frankenstein is not held back by either lack of knowledge or vision. Driven by his relentless pursuit of knowledge—good or bad—he discovers a supernatural force never intended for humanity: the power to create life.
The Novel
Frankenstein is a novel written by Mary Shelley and is essentially a study of what would happen should fickle man be gifted with the scientific power to create sentient life. Following the two parallel stories of Dr. Victor Frankenstein and his creation, Frankenstein is a dark novel of reasonable length that raises deep thoughts in the mind of its reader.
Frankenstein is a man driven by varying thoughts and emotions, which seem to throw him around like an out-of-control ship, a dangerous place to be, especially if you hold the power to bestow life upon lifeless matter. His thoughts and guiding principles roll up and down like the waves of the sea and remarkably encompass the majority of all of man's natural driving motives. Flipping through love, ambition, fear, loss, guilt, remorse, anger, fear again, a sense of duty and justice, back to sorrow, then hope, fear, love, and finally culminating in his final collapse, and his entire life purpose being planted on the firm path of revenge.
The story of Frankenstein’s creation is equally as intriguing. Even though it remarkably achieves the feat of being even more depressing. Frankenstein’s creation is never given a name throughout the book, and indeed no one cares enough to call him anything other than Monster epitheand Devil, which are his two prevailing adjectives throughout the story. In the writing of this, I choose to use the former. Frankenstein’s Monster describes himself as the loneliest and most abominable being on earth. Thrown aside by his creator, the Monster was bullied and subjected to cruelty at the hands of man. Originally, he sought to be good, and loved. Upon observing humans, he sees their love for one another and the joy they experience together, even in suffering. The Monster's deepest desire is indeed to experience those same emotions and to have them reciprocated. But in this, he fails; he tries fervently to find happiness among humankind but is frequently beaten, shot, and attacked by the very humans he has grown to care for, simply because of his ghastly appearance.
As tragic as this sounds, what follows is equally so. Frankenstein’s Monster grows incredibly angry, and swears revenge on the entire human race. The Monster, whom the reader previously sympathized with goes on a deadly spree killing two humans. He then sets out on a quest to find someone like him who can love him despite his appearance. For as he sees it, he is at an even lower state than the devil himself, as shown when he professes, “Satan had his companions, fellow-devils, to admire and encourage him; but I am solitary and detested.” But when his quest fails due to the fickle mind of man, the Monster goes on a rampage, killing left and right as he haunts Frankenstein with his ever-evading presence, eerie voice, and the corpses he leaves behind.
Both Frankenstein and his creation are sad creatures, each one at some point at least seeking good, but ultimately by the end being driven to revenge, one against the human race, and the latter against the former. The book is not entirely deprived of good characters, as all of Frankenstein’s closest friends and family are good people who frequently try to show him a better way to live his life. (They fail.)
Thoughts
The story of Frankenstein is a study of the human soul, and also of the relationship between creation and creator. The Monster often appeals to Frankenstein as his creator and Frankenstein indeed feels some amount of obligation towards his creation, both to make him happy and give him peace. These thoughts, however, are short-lived as they are quickly swallowed up in the parallel quest for revenge. They nonetheless are thought-provoking. And while the latter seems to me inaccurate concerning our relationship with our Creator, I can still see the logic in the book, and it certainly seems to be accurate regarding the state of the human soul without God.
The book itself is written like most classic literature, but is still fairly simple to understand. In addition to the complex story, interesting characters, creepy vibes, and thought-provoking dialogue Frankenstein offers beautiful scenes of nature captured on page that, while I can’t say they are on par with the likes of J. R. R. Tolkien, they are certainly close.
Conclusion
Frankenstein is definitely creepy. While you won’t find any jump scares, gory scenes, or even unexpected plot twists, the book seems to exude a sense of foreboding and mystery in the mere way it was written. There is something naturally repulsive and indeed terrifying about men bringing dead organs to life, and then that same creation hunting them down in the dead of night. The book was designed to be both unnerving and to cause one to think deeply. And it does both of those extremely well. And while it’s quite enjoyable for these reasons, do not expect to come out of the book feeling happy or excited, as virtually no one is alive by the end; instead, be attentive, and think deeply about how the narrative relates to the real world around you.
I personally came away from reading the book slightly disturbed but also incredibly fascinated by the storytelling and the questions it openly asks about the nature of man, creator, and creation, and what would occur with the discovery of other sentient beings. It even unintentionally led me to contemplate several things regarding the nature of God (i. e. How much better of a Creator He is.) even though the book never mentioned His name. To sum up the majority of the thoughts I had for this book I’ll say this: it reminded me of parts of the Bible (the end of Judges for instance). It’s a dark story designed to repeatedly remind you of the nature of man, and in my personal opinion, just how much we need a Savior. It never mentions God or the answers to the deep questions it asks about morality, but I’m happy to say that I already know the Answer, and He’ll never leave me. (Especially not when I’m being chased by a hideous vengeful monster through the arctic.)
By Josiah Patrick
I am on a flight to Oregon to attend the wedding of my middle nephew and his soon to be bride. My heart is full. He was the sweetest of little guys. Full of life. Always excited for the next adventure. Affectionate. Almost always kind to his cousins. IYKYK. He came and stayed with us for a couple of nights right after he graduated from high school and we stayed up late watching movies and playing a ridiculous farming game I love on the Xbox. What a joy it was to have him all to ourselves for that short time. I am so excited for him. He loves Jesus with his whole heart and I cannot wait to see all God has in store for him and his sweet bride.
God’s healing. It has been such a kindness in my life. Just this morning I laid on my belly and scooted under the van to retrieve dropped AirPods. Rushed through the parking garage, and the airport, with no pain. Put my own carry-on in the storage area on the plane and opened my own bottle of water. These are all things I could not have done not too terribly long ago. I will never tire of proclaiming His goodness in these ways. My heart is full.
We just flew over Mount Rainier. I never cease to be amazed at the creativity of our God. I have never been to the Pacific Northwest. From high above the earth it looks majestic. Oh man, my heart is full. I wish the entire Patrick crew had been able to come. I feel like there is lots of opportunity for adventure out here. Maybe one day.
My heart is so tender towards those affected by the flooding in the Texas Hill Country. I don’t have words. It is not as it should be. But I believe, with all of my heart, that one day soon all will be made right. And in this waiting, I am praying for the presence of Jesus to bring peace that passes all understanding.
One unnamed Patrick kid has been assigned the task of writing the news. Said kid has revolted, so…
1. Susanna, Nate & Seth are participating in a swim meet this weekend. Sis is excited. The boys are participating. I know we will all have fun.
2. 10 chicks hatched this spring. 9 are still living and of those 9, thus far, only 1 is a confirmed roo. We feel pretty lucky.
3. There are 2 sweet fawns out back. They are not twins, but say what you will, I believe they are the best of friends. Quite often they are both in our backyard, right behind the house, eating every rosebud and tender shoot hanging from our strawberry plants. Good thing they are so cute.
4. The kids caught two swarms of bees. Two. One intentionally. The other by accident. We are beyond excited.
5. The 3 big kids have begun training for a team sprint triathlon they will participate in this October. I love that they love doing things together.
By Monica Patrick
Live like you have no time to waste. Apathy is something all Christians fall into from time to time. But ridding oneself of apathy doesn’t just mean you start to like reading your Bible, and you pray more, no, the reason we become apathetic is because we spend too much time doing wasteful things. So the only way to truly rid yourself of apathy is to be intentional with your time. If you're going to start a stronger relationship with God, then you need to start glorifying Him with your time. I love the current sign on the Sonic restaurant here in town, it says “stop pickling around and dill with it”. Though it may just be a fun pun on their new pickle add-ons, it has some spiritual truth. Stop trying to complicate apathy, stop avoiding it, and just deal with your problem. God will help you, just ask, and get it over with. No point in pickling around.
By Seth Patrick.
Sea Shells - By Nathaniel Patrick
Spirals, cones, spikes, and curves
Inside inlaid with Mother of Pearl
Twists, turn, ridges, and swerves
Treasure inside concealed
Rough, smooth, straight, and swirled
Wonders of the sea.
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He who heeds the word wisely will find good, And whoever trusts in the Lord, happy is he.
Proverbs 16:20